在自助服务网络上启动实例¶
确定实例选项¶
要启动实例，您至少需要指定风味 (flavor)、镜像名称、网络、安全组、密钥和实例名称。
在控制器节点上，激活
demo凭证以获得对用户专用 CLI 命令的访问权限$ . demo-openrc
风味 (flavor) 指定虚拟资源分配配置文件，其中包括处理器、内存和存储。
列出可用的风味 (flavors)
$ openstack flavor list +----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public | +----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+ | 0 | m1.nano | 64 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True | +----+---------+-----+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
注意
您也可以通过 ID 引用风味 (flavor)。
列出可用的镜像
$ openstack image list +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+ | ID | Name | Status | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+ | 390eb5f7-8d49-41ec-95b7-68c0d5d54b34 | cirros | active | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
此实例使用
cirros镜像。列出可用的网络
$ openstack network list +--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Subnets | +--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+ | 4716ddfe-6e60-40e7-b2a8-42e57bf3c31c | selfservice | 2112d5eb-f9d6-45fd-906e-7cabd38b7c7c | | b5b6993c-ddf9-40e7-91d0-86806a42edb8 | provider | 310911f6-acf0-4a47-824e-3032916582ff | +--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
此实例使用
selfservice自助服务网络。但是，您必须使用 ID 而不是名称来引用此网络。列出可用的安全组
$ openstack security group list +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+ | ID | Name | Description | +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+ | dd2b614c-3dad-48ed-958b-b155a3b38515 | default | Default security group | +--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
此实例使用
default安全组。启动实例
将
SELFSERVICE_NET_ID替换为selfservice网络的 ID。$ openstack server create --flavor m1.nano --image cirros \ --nic net-id=SELFSERVICE_NET_ID --security-group default \ --key-name mykey selfservice-instance +--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+ | OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL | | OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | | | OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 | | OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling | | OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building | | OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None | | OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None | | accessIPv4 | | | accessIPv6 | | | addresses | | | adminPass | 7KTBYHSjEz7E | | config_drive | | | created | 2016-02-26T14:52:37Z | | flavor | m1.nano | | hostId | | | id | 113c5892-e58e-4093-88c7-e33f502eaaa4 | | image | cirros (390eb5f7-8d49-41ec-95b7-68c0d | | | 5d54b34) | | key_name | mykey | | name | selfservice-instance | | os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] | | progress | 0 | | project_id | ed0b60bf607743088218b0a533d5943f | | properties | | | security_groups | [{u'name': u'default'}] | | status | BUILD | | updated | 2016-02-26T14:52:38Z | | user_id | 58126687cbcc4888bfa9ab73a2256f27 | +--------------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
检查实例的状态
$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------------------+ | 113c5892-e58e-4093-88c7-e33f502eaaa4 | selfservice-instance | ACTIVE | selfservice=172.16.1.3 | | 181c52ba-aebc-4c32-a97d-2e8e82e4eaaf | provider-instance | ACTIVE | provider=203.0.113.103 | +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+------------------------+
当构建过程成功完成时，状态将从
BUILD变为ACTIVE。
使用虚拟控制台访问实例¶
获取实例的 虚拟网络计算 (VNC) 会话 URL，并从 Web 浏览器访问它
$ openstack console url show selfservice-instance +-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | type | novnc | | url | http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html?token=5eeccb47-525c-4918-ac2a-3ad1e9f1f493 | +-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
注意
如果您的 Web 浏览器在无法解析
controller主机名的主机上运行，您可以将controller替换为控制器节点上管理接口的 IP 地址。CirrOS 镜像包含传统的用户名/密码身份验证，并在登录提示符处提供这些凭证。登录 CirrOS 后，我们建议您使用
ping验证网络连接。验证对自助服务网络网关的访问权限
$ ping -c 4 172.16.1.1 PING 172.16.1.1 (172.16.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_req=1 ttl=64 time=0.357 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.473 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.504 ms 64 bytes from 172.16.1.1: icmp_req=4 ttl=64 time=0.470 ms --- 172.16.1.1 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2998ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.357/0.451/0.504/0.055 ms
验证对互联网的访问权限
$ ping -c 4 openstack.org PING openstack.org (174.143.194.225) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 174.143.194.225: icmp_req=1 ttl=53 time=17.4 ms 64 bytes from 174.143.194.225: icmp_req=2 ttl=53 time=17.5 ms 64 bytes from 174.143.194.225: icmp_req=3 ttl=53 time=17.7 ms 64 bytes from 174.143.194.225: icmp_req=4 ttl=53 time=17.5 ms --- openstack.org ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 17.431/17.575/17.734/0.143 ms
远程访问实例¶
在提供商虚拟网络上创建一个 浮动 IP 地址
$ openstack floating ip create provider +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | created_at | 2017-01-20T17:29:16Z | | description | | | fixed_ip_address | None | | floating_ip_address | 203.0.113.104 | | floating_network_id | b5b6993c-ddf9-40e7-91d0-86806a42edb8 | | headers | | | id | 88b4d06a-d794-4406-affd-6ffa2bcf1e2a | | port_id | None | | project_id | ed0b60bf607743088218b0a533d5943f | | revision_number | 1 | | router_id | None | | status | DOWN | | updated_at | 2017-01-20T17:29:16Z | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+
将浮动 IP 地址与实例关联
$ openstack server add floating ip selfservice-instance 203.0.113.104
注意
此命令不会产生任何输出。
检查浮动 IP 地址的状态
$ openstack server list +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Networks | +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+ | 113c5892-e58e-4093-88c7-e33f502eaaa4 | selfservice-instance | ACTIVE | selfservice=172.16.1.3, 203.0.113.104 | | 181c52ba-aebc-4c32-a97d-2e8e82e4eaaf | provider-instance | ACTIVE | provider=203.0.113.103 | +--------------------------------------+----------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+
从控制器节点或提供商物理网络上的任何主机验证通过浮动 IP 地址对实例的连接性
$ ping -c 4 203.0.113.104 PING 203.0.113.104 (203.0.113.104) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 203.0.113.104: icmp_req=1 ttl=63 time=3.18 ms 64 bytes from 203.0.113.104: icmp_req=2 ttl=63 time=0.981 ms 64 bytes from 203.0.113.104: icmp_req=3 ttl=63 time=1.06 ms 64 bytes from 203.0.113.104: icmp_req=4 ttl=63 time=0.929 ms --- 203.0.113.104 ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3002ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.929/1.539/3.183/0.951 ms
从控制器节点或提供商物理网络上的任何主机使用 SSH 访问实例
$ ssh cirros@203.0.113.104 The authenticity of host '203.0.113.104 (203.0.113.104)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is ed:05:e9:e7:52:a0:ff:83:68:94:c7:d1:f2:f8:e2:e9. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '203.0.113.104' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
如果您的实例未启动或似乎无法按预期工作，请参阅 Pike 的计算故障排除文档、Queens 的计算故障排除文档 或 Rocky 的计算故障排除文档 以获取更多信息，或使用 其他众多选项 寻求帮助。我们希望您的首次安装能够成功！
返回到 启动实例。
